Radxa ZERO 3 with PCM5122 work together

[Totof]

hello everyone and @MichaIng

I ordered and received a Radxa Zero 3W to pair with my Waveshare PCM5122-based PCB.

Since the chip is a Rockchip RK3566 and the board’s datasheet specifies that the I2C3 and I2S3-M0 buses are accessible via the 40-pin header (on pins 3, 5, 12, 35, and 40),

all that remained was to create a script to set up the DAC. This wasn’t exactly straightforward, as the Zero 3W is quite unique; however, below is a working script for the RCA outputs,

#!/bin/bash
# ==============================================================================
# SCRIPT UNIFIÉ ULTIME v3 : RADXA ZERO 3W + PIFI DAC+ (PIN 16/18 NATIVE FIXED)
# ==============================================================================

mkdir -p /boot/overlay-user
cd /boot/overlay-user

echo "--- [1/5] Réécriture du fichier d'environnement de Boot ---"
sed -i '/overlays=/d' /boot/dietpiEnv.txt
sed -i '/user_overlays=/d' /boot/dietpiEnv.txt

echo "overlays=hk-i2c0" >> /boot/dietpiEnv.txt
echo "user_overlays=pcm5122_i2s" >> /boot/dietpiEnv.txt

echo "--- [2/5] Création du script d'initialisation (I2C PCM5122) ---"
cat << '_EOF_' > /boot/overlay-user/init_dac.sh
#!/bin/bash
sleep 4

# Sélection de la page 0 des registres fondamentaux
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x00 0x00
sleep 0.1

# Sortie du mode Standby
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x02 0x00
sleep 0.1

# ROUTAGE PLL : Force le PCM5122 à utiliser le BCLK comme source MCLK
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x0e 0x08
sleep 0.1

# Ignorer l'absence d'horloge maîtresse externe (MCLK)
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x25 0x08
sleep 0.1

# Configuration de la PLL automatique et format I2S standard
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x04 0x00
sleep 0.1
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x28 0x00
sleep 0.1

# DÉSACTIVATION DE L'AUTO-MUTE
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x41 0x00
sleep 0.1

# Configuration et passage à l'état haut des GPIO internes du PCM5122 (RCA)
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x08 0x3f  
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x09 0x00  
sleep 0.1
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x54 0x11  
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x55 0x11  
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x56 0x11  
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x57 0x11  
sleep 0.1

# Configuration volumes (0dB) et retrait des mutes du PCM5122
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x3d 0x30  
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x3e 0x30  
sleep 0.1
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x6c 0x00  
sleep 0.1
i2cset -y 3 0x4d 0x03 0x00  
sleep 0.1

echo "Initialisation des registres I2C terminée."
_EOF_

chmod +x /boot/overlay-user/init_dac.sh

echo "--- [3/5] Réinstallation et activation du service Systemd ---"
cat << '_EOF_' > /etc/systemd/system/init-dac.service
[Unit]
Description=Initialisation et routage PLL du DAC PCM5122 via I2C3
After=sound.target i2c-dev.target
DefaultDependencies=no

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/boot/overlay-user/init_dac.sh
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=sysinit.target
_EOF_

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable init-dac.service

echo "--- [4/5] Écriture de l'overlay DTS (Libération PWM + Forçage GPIO 3.3V) ---"
cat << '_EOF_' > /boot/overlay-user/pcm5122_i2s.dts
/dts-v1/;
/plugin/;

/* Désactivation des blocs PWM pour libérer les broches 16 et 18 */
&pwm8 {
    status = "disabled";
};

&pwm9 {
    status = "disabled";
};

&{/} {
    pcm5122_sound {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        simple-audio-card,name = "Radxa-PCM5122";
        simple-audio-card,format = "i2s";
        status = "okay";

        simple-audio-card,bitclock-master = <&cpu_dai>;
        simple-audio-card,frame-master = <&cpu_dai>;

        cpu_dai: simple-audio-card,cpu {
            sound-dai = <&i2s3_2ch>;
        };

        simple-audio-card,codec {
            sound-dai = <&pcm5122_codec>;
        };
    };

    pcm5122_codec: pcm5122-codec {
        compatible = "linux,spdif-dit";
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        status = "okay";
    };
};

&hdmi_sound {
    status = "disabled";
};

&i2s3_2ch {
    #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
    rockchip,clk-trcm = <1>;
    pinctrl-names = "default";
    pinctrl-0 = <&i2s3m0_sclk &i2s3m0_lrck &i2s3m0_sdo &jack_pins>;
    status = "okay";
};

&pinctrl {
    pins {
        jack_pins: jack-pins {
            /* Force GPIO3_B1 (pin 16) et GPIO3_B2 (pin 18) en GPIO Sortie Haute (Pull-Up) */
            rockchip,pins = <3 9 0 &pcfg_pull_up>,
                            <3 10 0 &pcfg_pull_up>;
        };
    };
};
_EOF_

# Compilation finale du binaire .dtbo
dtc -I dts -O dtb -@ -o pcm5122_i2s.dtbo pcm5122_i2s.dts

echo "--- [5/5] Création de la configuration ALSA pour le contrôle du volume ---"
cat << '_EOF_' > /etc/asound.conf
pcm.!default {
    type plug
    slave.pcm "softvol"
}

pcm.softvol {
    type softvol
    slave {
        pcm "hw:0,0"
    }
    control {
        name "Master"
        card 0
    }
}

ctl.!default {
    type hw
    card 0
}
_EOF_

echo "=============================================================================="
echo " CONFIGURATION RADXA ZERO 3W PRÊTE ET COMPILÉE !"
echo " Lancez maintenant la commande : reboot"
echo "=============================================================================="


# ==============================================================================
# pour l'activer 
# nano deploy_pcm5122.sh
# ctrl +o et ctrl +x
# puis
# bash deploy_pcm5122.sh
# ==============================================================================

Along with a script to test the PCM5122 registers for automated verification.

cat << '_EOF_' > /usr/local/bin/check_dac.sh
#!/bin/bash
# ==============================================================================
# OUTIL DE DIAGNOSTIC AVANCÉ (V2) - PCM5122 AVEC ROUTAGE HORLOGES ET MUX
# ==============================================================================

VERT='\033[0;32m'
ROUGE='\033[0;31m'
JAUNE='\033[1;33m'
BLEU='\033[0;34m'
NEUTRE='\033[0m'

afficher_diagnostic() {
    clear
    echo -e "${BLEU}======================================================================${NEUTRE}"
    echo -e "${BLEU}          DIAGNOSTIC AVANCÉ - MATÉRIEL DAC PCM5122 & INTERFACES      ${NEUTRE}"
    echo -e "${BLEU}======================================================================${NEUTRE}"

    if ! i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x00 b >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo -e "${ROUGE}[ERREUR] Le PCM5122 ne répond pas sur le bus I2C-3 à l'adresse 0x4d.${NEUTRE}"
        return 1
    fi

    REG_02=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x02 b)
    REG_6C=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x6c b)
    REG_72=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x72 b)
    REG_77=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x77 b)
    REG_0E=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x0e b)
    REG_25=$(i2cget -y 3 0x4d 0x25 b)

    VAL_02=$((REG_02))
    BIT_STBY=$(( (VAL_02 >> 4) & 1 ))
    BIT_PDN=$(( VAL_02 & 1 ))

    echo -e "\n${JAUNE}[1/5] ÉTAT DE L'ALIMENTATION GÉNÉRALE (Reg 0x02 : $REG_02)${NEUTRE}"
    if [ "$BIT_PDN" -eq 1 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Statut global : ${ROUGE}ÉTEINT COMPLET (Powerdown actif)${NEUTRE}"
    elif [ "$BIT_STBY" -eq 1 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Statut global : ${JAUNE}MODE VEILLE (Standby actif)${NEUTRE}"
    else
        echo -e "  -> Statut global : ${VERT}ACTIF (Prêt à fonctionner)${NEUTRE}"
    fi

    VAL_6C=$((REG_6C))
    MUTE_L=$(( VAL_6C & 1 ))
    MUTE_R=$(( (VAL_6C >> 1) & 1 ))

    echo -e "\n${JAUNE}[2/5] ÉTAT DES AMPLIFICATEURS DE SORTIE (Reg 0x6C : $REG_6C)${NEUTRE}"
    if [ "$MUTE_L" -eq 1 ] && [ "$MUTE_R" -eq 1 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Amplis Gauche & Droit : ${ROUGE}MUTÉS / COUPÉS${NEUTRE}"
    elif [ "$MUTE_L" -eq 0 ] && [ "$MUTE_R" -eq 0 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Amplis Gauche & Droit : ${VERT}OUVERTS (Prêts à émettre)${NEUTRE}"
    fi

    VAL_72=$((REG_72))
    BOOST=$(( VAL_72 & 3 ))
    echo -e "\n${JAUNE}[3/5] RÉGLAGE DU BOOST ANALOGIQUE (Reg 0x72 : $REG_72)${NEUTRE}"
    case $BOOST in
        3) echo -e "  -> Niveau de gain : ${VERT}Standard (0 dB) + Auto-Mute Intelligent Actif${NEUTRE}" ;;
        *) echo -e "  -> Niveau de gain : Mode Manuel / Personnalisé (${BOOST})${NEUTRE}" ;;
    esac

    VAL_77=$((REG_77))
    BIT_POMPE=$(( (VAL_77 >> 4) & 1 ))
    echo -e "\n${JAUNE}[4/5] ÉTAT DE LA POMPE DE CHARGE INTERNE (Reg 0x77 : $REG_77)${NEUTRE}"
    if [ "$BIT_POMPE" -eq 1 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Pompe de charge : ${VERT}ACTIVE & STABLE (Tension négative OK)${NEUTRE}"
    else
        echo -e "  -> Pompe de charge : ${ROUGE}INACTIVE / ÉTEINTE${NEUTRE}"
    fi

    VAL_0E=$((REG_0E))
    VAL_25=$((REG_25))
    echo -e "\n${JAUNE}[5/5] ROUTAGE DE L'HORLOGE SYSTEME / CONFLIT GPIO${NEUTRE}"
    if [ $((VAL_0E & 0x08)) -eq 8 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Source PLL (Reg 0x0E) : ${JAUNE}Forcée sur BCLK via GPIO4 (Explique le verrouillage du Reg 0x54)${NEUTRE}"
    else
        echo -e "  -> Source PLL (Reg 0x0E) : Standard / Externe (MCLK)"
    fi
    if [ $((VAL_25 & 0x08)) -eq 8 ]; then
        echo -e "  -> Sécurité Horloge (Reg 0x25) : ${VERT}Ignore l'absence de MCLK (Indispensable pour Radxa)${NEUTRE}"
    fi

    echo -e "${BLEU}======================================================================${NEUTRE}"
}

if [ "$1" = "loop" ]; then
    while true; do afficher_diagnostic; sleep 1; done
else
    afficher_diagnostic
fi
_EOF_
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/check_dac.sh

I still have one unresolved issue regarding the headphone jack on my test board (a PiFi DAC+ V2.0); since I’m on vacation, I only have headphones to test the audio output, and the chip handling the jack via the PCM isn’t responding.

It appears to be an issue with managing GPIO3-B1 and GPIO3-B2 (pins 16 and 18 on the 40-pin HAT connector specific to the PiFi DAC+ board).

[MichaIng]

Do I see it right that, compared to the Orange Pi 3B, the major difference so far is that I2C3 and I2S3 is used (and conflicting GPIO buses disabled), which are accessible on the same pins the HAT expects for I2C and I2S?

[Totof]

In fact the pinout is the same as the hat of the opi 3B and opi zero 2w and also RPI

it’s just a different number of bus I2S and I2C

The secret for the PCM5122 is to drive it by different command with I2C and use the good parameters for the soundcard in front of the clock used by the rk3566 or h618
same things with radxa for a different implementation of the rk3566

after all if a PCM5122 can make music , a PCM5102A works too with the same overlay and same pins