NanoPi M1+ Bluetooth not working

Troubleshooting
1

NanoPi M1+

I enable Bluetooth using dietpi-config>advanced, but no device found in hcitool at all
When I use the FriendlyElec linux distributions bluetooth works just fine
maybe the config files don’t take the serial port into account? Or something else?
just bought 100 of these NanoPi M1+ for a project that requires bluetooth for headless setting up Wifi parameters. Once I am done, I will publish the code to this forum for headless wifi setup.
Please help, as I am buried in application code right now
Thanks everyone so much in advance!!

G_DIETPI_VERSION_CORE=8
G_DIETPI_VERSION_SUB=14
G_DIETPI_VERSION_RC=2
G_GITBRANCH=‘master’
G_GITOWNER=‘MichaIng’
G_LIVE_PATCH_STATUS[0]=‘not applicable’
G_LIVE_PATCH_STATUS[1]=‘not applied’
G_LIVE_PATCH_STATUS[2]=‘not applied’### Creating a bug report/issue

Bullseye
Linux DietPi 5.15.89-sunxi #22.11.4 SMP Mon Jan 23 21:58:30 UTC 2023 armv7l GNU/Linux
NanoPi M1 Plus (armv7l)
Power Supply: 2.1A USB port
SD Card: PNY 32Gb

2

let me ping our developer @MichaIng

3

Sadly this SBC is not officially supported by Armbian anymore. Hence while the sunxi kernel for H3 SBCs is generally maintained, no tests or care for it regarding NanoPi M1+ are done, so that features can break at any time. Also there is no device tree overlay for enabling Bluetooth.

However, the kernel still ships a device tree for M1+. There is no rfkill block, is it?

apt install rfkill
rfkill

Are there related errors among kernel logs?

dmesg -l 0,1,2,3
dmesg | grep -Ei 'bt|bluetooth'

WiFi itself however works, fine, right?

4

Seems as though the bluetooth is not enabled at all

WiFi does work just fine and the board is stable for a few days of testing at least. Ill be beating it up connecting it with nodejs to a Microchip processor at 230K baud for lots of data transfer and logging and displaying the data on the HDMI screen. I need bluetooth for initial SSID and password setup for the installing customer.

Jack

root@DietPi:~# rfkill
ID TYPE DEVICE      SOFT      HARD
 0 wlan phy0   unblocked unblocked

root@DietPi:~# dmesg -l 0,1,2,3
[    6.521844] lima 1c40000.gpu: dev_pm_opp_set_regulators: no regulator (mali) found: -19
[    7.039633] debugfs: File 'Capture' in directory 'dapm' already present!

root@DietPi:~# dmesg | grep -Ei 'bt|bluetooth'
[    1.869460] Btrfs loaded, crc32c=crc32c-generic, zoned=no, fsverity=yes
5

Is there a related device tree node?

find /proc/device-tree/ -name status -exec echo -ne '\n{}: ' \; -exec cat {} \;
6 
/proc/device-tree/sound_hdmi/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/usb2-vbus/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/display-engine/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/usb1-vbus/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/spdif@1c21000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/serial@1c28000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/camera@1cb0000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1b000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/mmc@1c0f000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/hdmi@1ee0000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1d400/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1a400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/mmc@1c11000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/pwm@1c21400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2s@1c22800/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/pwm@1f03800/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1d000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1a000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/phy@1c19400/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2c@1c2b400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2s@1c22400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1c400/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/spi@1c69000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/mmc@1c10000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/codec@1c22c00/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/serial@1c28800/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2c@1f02400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2c@1c2b000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2s@1c22000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1c000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/serial@1c28400/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c19000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/usb@1c1b400/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/ethernet@1c30000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/spi@1c68000/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/i2c@1c2ac00/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/soc/ir@1f02000/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/soc/serial@1c28c00/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/psci/status: okay
/proc/device-tree/ahci-5v/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/chosen/framebuffer-tve/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/chosen/framebuffer-hdmi/status: disabled
/proc/device-tree/usb0-vbus/status: disabled
7

Any hints or fixes? I’m desparate :frowning:

8

Did you ever solve this? I am facing the same issue.

9

Okay so there is no device tree node for Bluetooth either. I think I did not recognise that it is internally attached via serial interface, like on RPi.

Which serial devices are available?

ls -l /dev/ttyS*

Does something like this work, if e.g. /dev/ttyS1 is available?

hciattach /dev/ttyS1 any 115200

/dev/ttyS0 is the default serial console, and I am pretty sure it is not used for Bluetooth. But could be tested as well. Just disable the login console on this device then, via dietpi-config > advanced options > serial/UART.

10

Closer, at least now running grep -i “blue” returns something. previously it didn’t. Here is the output

# hciattach /dev/ttyS1 any 115200
Device setup complete
# dmesg | grep -i "blue"
[   62.504341] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[   62.504502] NET: Registered PF_BLUETOOTH protocol family
[   62.504512] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[   62.504535] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[   62.504547] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[   62.504571] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[   62.557337] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[   62.557378] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[   62.557386] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol BCSP registered
[   62.557497] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol LL registered
[   62.557505] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol ATH3K registered
[   62.557549] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[   62.557761] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[   63.368321] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[   63.368353] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[   63.368378] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[   64.606457] Bluetooth: hci0: command 0x1003 tx timeout
[   64.611720] Bluetooth: hci0: Opcode 0x1003 failed: -110
# systemctl status bluetooth.service
● bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-06-30 07:48:05 PDT; 57s ago
       Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
   Main PID: 1534 (bluetoothd)
     Status: "Running"
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 2027)
     Memory: 1.7M
        CPU: 216ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
             └─1534 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd

Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: Bluetooth daemon 5.66
Jun 30 07:48:05  systemd[1]: Started bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service.
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: Starting SDP server
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: profiles/audio/vcp.c:vcp_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init vcp plugin
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: profiles/audio/mcp.c:mcp_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init mcp plugin
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: profiles/audio/bap.c:bap_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init bap plugin
Jun 30 07:48:05  bluetoothd[1534]: Bluetooth management interface 1.22 initialized
# bluetoothctl
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# list
[bluetooth]#
11

You could go though further serial devices and see whether one of these works:

hciattach /dev/ttyS3 any 115200

The vendor images use a brcm_patchram_plus binary blob which seems to be similar to hciattach. I hope this is not required on mainline kernel:

#!/bin/bash

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:             brcm_patchram_plus
# Required-Start:       $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:        $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:        2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:
# Short-Description:    brcm_patchram_plus
### END INIT INFO

function reset_bt()
{
    BTWAKE=/proc/bluetooth/sleep/btwake
    if [ -f ${BTWAKE} ]; then
        echo 0 > ${BTWAKE}
    fi
    index=`rfkill list | grep $1 | cut -f 1 -d":"` 
    if [[ -n ${index}} ]]; then
        rfkill block ${index}
        sleep 1
        rfkill unblock ${index}
        sleep 1
    fi
}

rm -rf /var/log/brcm
brcm_try_log=/var/log/brcm/brcm_try.log
brcm_log=/var/log/brcm/brcm.log
brcm_err_log=/var/log/brcm/brcm_err.log
[ -d /var/log/brcm ] || mkdir -p /var/log/brcm

board=`cat /sys/class/sunxi_info/sys_info | grep board_name`
board=${board#*FriendlyElec }
[ -z ${board} ] && board=`cat /etc/hostname`
case ${board} in
    NanoPi-Duo2 )
        uart_dev=ttyS2
        chip=ap6212
        ;;
    NanoPi-H6-with-AP6255 )
        uart_dev=ttyS1
        chip=ap6255
        ;;
    NanoPi-NEO-Air|NanoPi-M1-Plus|NanoPi-NEO-Plus2|NanoPi-NEO-Plus2-H3|NanoPi-R1 )
        chip=ap6212
        uart_dev=ttyS3
        ;;
    * )
        echo "This board may not have BT module." >${brcm_try_log}
        exit 0
        ;;
esac

case "$1" in
    start|"")
        index=`rfkill list | grep "sunxi-bt" | cut -f 1 -d":"`
        
        if [ -d /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill${index} ]; then
            reset_bt "sunxi-bt"
            chmod 0660 /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill${index}/state
            chmod 0660 /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill${index}/type
            chgrp dialout /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill${index}/state
            chgrp dialout /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill${index}/type

            # generate MAC address
            if [ -f /sys/bus/nvmem/devices/sunxi-sid0/nvmem ]; then
                MACADDRESS=`md5sum /sys/bus/nvmem/devices/sunxi-sid0/nvmem | cut -b 1-12 | sed -r ':1;s/(.*[^:])([^:]{2})/\1:\2/;t1'`
            else
                MACADDRESS=`md5sum /sys/class/sunxi_info/sys_info | cut -b 1-12 | sed -r ':1;s/(.*[^:])([^:]{2})/\1:\2/;t1'` # for all sunxi kernel of FriendlyElec
            fi
            echo ${MACADDRESS} >/tmp/bt_macaddress

            # download firmware
            let TIMEOUT=90
            while [ ${TIMEOUT} -gt 0 ]; do
                killall -9 /bin/brcm_patchram_plus
                /bin/brcm_patchram_plus -d --patchram /lib/firmware/${chip}/ --enable_hci --bd_addr ${MACADDRESS} --no2bytes --tosleep 5000 /dev/${uart_dev} >${brcm_log} 2>&1 &
                sleep 30
                cur_time=`date "+%H-%M-%S"`
                if grep "Done setting line discpline" ${brcm_log}; then
                    echo "${cur_time}: bt firmware download ok($((TIMEOUT/30)))" >> ${brcm_try_log}
                    if ! grep "fail" ${brcm_try_log}; then
                        reset_bt "hci0"
                        hciconfig hci0 up
                        hciconfig >> ${brcm_try_log}    
                        #reboot
                    fi
                    break
                else
                    echo "${cur_time}: bt firmware download fail($((TIMEOUT/30)))" >> ${brcm_try_log}
                    cp ${brcm_log} ${brcm_err_log}
                    reset_bt "sunxi-bt"
                fi
                TIMEOUT=$((TIMEOUT-30))
            done
        fi
        ;;

    stop)
        kill `ps --no-headers -C brcm_patchram_plus -o pid`
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: brcm_patchram_plus start|stop" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

There ttyS3 is used for Allwinner H3 SBCs, but it is not necessarily the same on our mainline kernel. It reveals ap6212 as chip, but it is not a type/ID directly supported by hciattach, hence we can only use any: hciattach(1) — bluez — Debian bookworm — Debian Manpages

12

The trick in original command is to use -r
I can get it to attach to ttyS0 or ttyS1, but not any other serial. I can attach the Console to any serial from the dietpi config, but not using the hciattach.

When I connect to ttyS0/1, I still cannot see an attached bluetooth controller although I don’t see errors.

Blockquote root@:~# hciattach -r /dev/ttyS1 any 115200
Device setup complete
root@:~# dmesg | grep -i “blue”
[ 48.005928] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[ 48.006118] NET: Registered PF_BLUETOOTH protocol family
[ 48.006129] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 48.006155] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 48.006167] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 48.006193] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[ 48.063734] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[ 48.063767] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[ 48.063775] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol BCSP registered
[ 48.063901] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol LL registered
[ 48.063911] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol ATH3K registered
[ 48.063958] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[ 48.064162] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[ 48.675822] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 48.675854] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 48.675876] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
root@:~# bluetoothctl
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# list
[bluetooth]# exit
root@:~# sysetmctl start bluetooth.service
-bash: sysetmctl: command not found
root@:~# systemctl restart bluetooth.service
root@:~# systemctl status bluetooth.service
● bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2023-07-01 08:35:40 PDT; 6s ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 1625 (bluetoothd)
Status: “Running”
Tasks: 1 (limit: 2027)
Memory: 492.0K
CPU: 202ms
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─1625 /usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: Bluetooth daemon 5.66
Jul 01 08:35:40 systemd[1]: Started bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service.
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: Starting SDP server
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: profiles/audio/vcp.c:vcp_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init vcp plugin
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: profiles/audio/mcp.c:mcp_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init mcp plugin
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: profiles/audio/bap.c:bap_init() D-Bus experimental not enabled
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: src/plugin.c:plugin_init() Failed to init bap plugin
Jul 01 08:35:40 bluetoothd[1625]: Bluetooth management interface 1.22 initialized
root@:~# rfkill list
0: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no

Here is the error for ttyS3

:~# hciattach -r /dev/ttyS3 any 115200
Can’t get port settings: Input/output error
Can’t initialize device: Input/output error

I did reboot between hciattach commands as I couldn’t figure out the detach command :face_with_diagonal_mouth:

Not sure if this helps, but I ran setserial and this is the output, perhaps a layer needs to be added?

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS0
/dev/ttyS0, UART: 16550A, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 136

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS1
/dev/ttyS1, UART: 16550A, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 137

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS2
/dev/ttyS2, UART: unknown, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 0

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS3
/dev/ttyS3, UART: unknown, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 0

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS4
/dev/ttyS4, UART: unknown, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 0

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS5
/dev/ttyS5, UART: unknown, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 0

root@:/boot# setserial -g /dev/ttyS6
/dev/ttyS6, UART: unknown, Port: 0x0000, IRQ: 0

13

I added uart0 uart1 uart2 uart3 to the overlays and now I can run hciattach -r /dev/ttyS3 any 115200

Still no Bluetooth adapter available or started.

root@:~# hciattach -r /dev/ttyS3 any 115200
Device setup complete
root@:~# dmesg | grep -i “blue”
[ 53.614595] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[ 53.614780] NET: Registered PF_BLUETOOTH protocol family
[ 53.614789] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 53.614813] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 53.614825] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 53.614850] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[ 53.697332] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[ 53.697365] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[ 53.697373] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol BCSP registered
[ 53.697500] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol LL registered
[ 53.697510] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol ATH3K registered
[ 53.697560] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[ 53.697773] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[ 54.437487] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 54.437519] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 54.437544] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
root@:~# rfkill list
0: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
root@:~# hciconfig hci0 up
Can’t init device hci0: Operation not supported (95)
root@:~# hcitool scan
Device is not available: No such device
root@:~# bluetoothctl
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# list
[bluetooth]# power on
No default controller available
[bluetooth]#

Any other suggestions would be appreciated.

14

Exact same problem with NanoPi NEO Air…