Does this work on official RPi OS when using the same overlay? The jumpers are set correctly? audio - How to make PCM5102 DAC work on Raspberry Pi ZeroW? - Raspberry Pi Stack Exchange
Apart of that, when checking some guides, it should be all correct. I remember one case where a DAC overlay was broken with the Linux 6.1 update. I hope it is not the case here. But if so, it might have been fixed in the meantime and you “just” need to migrate to the new Bookworm firmware packages. This however is not trivial: I’ll test this myself the next week and can hopefully provide a script then.