It looks to me like your system time was not synchronised or was not up to date. I am in Germany and even if I set my system time to UTC, apt continues to run without problems and certificate issues.
root@DietPi4:~# date
Tue Oct 10 09:55:07 UTC 2023
root@DietPi4:~#
root@DietPi4:~# apt update
Hit:1 https://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease
Hit:2 https://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian bullseye InRelease
Hit:3 https://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease
Hit:4 https://deb.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
Hit:5 https://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
23 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
root@DietPi4:~#